汽车紧固件产品技术说明书
Automotive Fasteners Technical Description
一、产品概述 / 1. Product Overview
本公司提供多种汽车紧固件，广泛应用于乘用车、商用车、新能源汽车、工程机械及特种车辆等领域。产品涵盖发动机、底盘、车身、内饰、外饰及动力电池系统等各总成的连接与固定，用于实现高强度、抗疲劳、防松脱及轻量化连接，具备高可靠性、耐腐蚀性及可追溯性等特性，满足汽车行业对紧固质量的严苛要求。
Our company supplies a wide range of automotive fasteners, widely used in passenger cars, commercial vehicles, new energy vehicles, construction machinery, and special vehicles. These products cover connections and fixation for engines, chassis, body, interior, exterior, and power battery systems, enabling high-strength, fatigue-resistant, anti-loosening, and lightweight connections. They feature high reliability, corrosion resistance, and traceability, meeting the stringent quality requirements of the automotive industry.
二、主要产品分类 / 2. Main Product Categories
| 产品类别 | English Category | 中文说明 | English Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 螺栓 / 螺钉 | Bolts & Screws | 六角法兰、内六角、盘头、沉头等，用于结构连接 | Hex flange, socket, pan head, countersunk, etc., for structural connections |
| 螺母 | Nuts | 六角螺母、法兰螺母、锁紧螺母、焊接螺母等 | Hex nuts, flange nuts, lock nuts, weld nuts, etc. |
| 垫圈 | Washers | 平垫圈、弹簧垫圈、防松垫圈、组合垫圈 | Flat washers, spring washers, lock washers, assembled washers |
| 螺柱 / 双头螺柱 | Studs & Double-End Studs | 用于发动机缸盖、排气歧管等定位与紧固 | For cylinder head, exhaust manifold positioning and fastening |
| 铆钉 / 卡箍 | Rivets & Clamps | 抽芯铆钉、拉铆螺母、管夹、线束卡扣 | Blind rivets, rivet nuts, pipe clamps, harness clips |
| 组合件 / 特殊件 | Assemblies & Special Parts | 螺钉+垫圈组合、预涂胶螺钉、塑料件金属嵌件 | Screw+washer assemblies, pre-coated screws, metal inserts for plastics |
三、产品特点 / 3. Product Features
- 高精度螺纹：符合ISO、JIS、DIN、GB等标准，互换性好 / High precision threads, good interchangeability
- 机械性能等级齐全：4.8 ~ 12.9级（螺栓），6 ~ 12级（螺母） / Wide range of property classes: 4.8~12.9 (bolts), 6~12 (nuts)
- 多种表面处理：镀锌、达克罗、磷化、镀镍、环保锌镍合金，满足耐腐蚀要求 / Various surface treatments: zinc plating, Dacromet, phosphating, nickel plating, eco-friendly Zn-Ni alloy
- 防松设计：机械锁紧（尼龙嵌件、全金属锁紧）、化学锁紧（预涂胶） / Anti-loosening design: mechanical locking (nylon insert, all-metal lock), chemical locking (pre-coated adhesive)
- 轻量化方案：铝、钛合金及高强度钢紧固件 / Lightweight solutions: aluminum, titanium alloy, and high-strength steel fasteners
- 过程控制：可追溯批次、扭矩-角度监控、防错设计 / Process control: batch traceability, torque-angle monitoring, poka-yoke design
四、综合技术参数表 / 4. General Technical Parameter Table
| 项目 Item | 参数/说明 Specification |
|---|---|
| 产品名称 Product Name | 汽车紧固件 / Automotive Fasteners |
| 螺纹规格 Thread Size | M2 ~ M30（公制），#4 ~ 5/8（英制） / Metric, inch |
| 机械性能等级 Property Class | 4.8, 5.8, 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9, 12.9（螺栓）; 6, 8, 10, 12（螺母） |
| 表面处理 Surface Finish | 镀锌（蓝白/黄/黑）、达克罗、磷化、镀镍、锌镍合金、无铬涂层 / Zinc, Dacromet, phosphating, nickel, Zn-Ni, chrome-free |
| 耐盐雾时间 Salt Spray Resistance | 48h ~ 1000h（依涂层种类） / Depending on coating type |
| 工作温度 Operating Temp. | -50°C ~ 300°C（依材料和涂层） / Depending on material and coating |
| 防松方式 Anti-Loosening | 尼龙嵌件、全金属锁紧、预涂胶、垫圈组合 / Nylon insert, all-metal lock, pre-coated adhesive, washer assembly |
| 执行标准 Standards | GB/T, ISO, DIN, JIS, SAE, ASTM, QC/T, VDA 等 |
五、常见材质与表面处理说明 / 5. Common Material & Surface Finish Description
| 材质 Material | 性能特点 | 典型应用 | Typical Applications |
|---|---|---|---|
| 碳钢 (10B21, 35K, 45#) | 高强度，性价比高 | 底盘、车身结构件 / Chassis, body structure | High strength, cost-effective |
| 合金钢 (SCM435, 40Cr) | 高耐疲劳，10.9/12.9级 | 发动机、变速箱、悬架 / Engine, transmission, suspension | High fatigue strength, 10.9/12.9 |
| 不锈钢 (304, 316) | 耐腐蚀，外观美观 | 内外饰、排气系统 / Interior, exterior, exhaust | Corrosion resistant, aesthetic |
| 铝合金 / 钛合金 | 轻量化，减重明显 | 新能源电池包、赛车 / NEV battery packs, racing | Lightweight, significant weight reduction |
表面处理参考： 镀锌（中性盐雾72~240h）、达克罗（500~1000h）、锌镍合金（720~1000h）、磷化（基础防锈）、镍/铬装饰镀（外观件）。
Surface treatment reference: Zinc plating (NSS 72~240h), Dacromet (500~1000h), Zn-Ni alloy (720~1000h), phosphating (basic rust protection), nickel/chrome decorative plating (cosmetic parts).
六、典型产品参数 / 6. Typical Product Parameters
1）发动机缸盖螺栓 / Cylinder Head Bolt
| 项目 Item | 参数/说明 Specification |
|---|---|
| 规格 Size | M10 × 1.25 / M12 × 1.5 |
| 机械性能等级 Property Class | 10.9 / 12.9 |
| 材质 Material | SCM435 合金钢 |
| 表面处理 Finish | 磷化 + 防锈油 / Phosphating + anti-rust oil |
| 扭矩要求 Torque | 按主机厂标准，通常采用扭矩+角度法 / Torque+angle method per OEM standard |
2）底盘控制臂螺栓 / Control Arm Bolt
| 项目 Item | 参数/说明 Specification |
|---|---|
| 规格 Size | M12 × 1.25 / M14 × 1.5 |
| 机械性能等级 Property Class | 10.9 |
| 表面处理 Finish | 达克罗 / 锌镍合金 / Dacromet / Zn-Ni alloy |
| 耐盐雾 Salt Spray | ≥720h |
| 防松设计 Anti-Loosening | 法兰面 + 预涂微胶囊胶 / Flange + pre-coated microencapsulated adhesive |
3）新能源汽车电池包连接螺栓 / NEV Battery Pack Mounting Bolt
| 项目 Item | 参数/说明 Specification |
|---|---|
| 规格 Size | M6 ~ M10（依据载荷） |
| 机械性能等级 Property Class | 8.8 / 10.9 |
| 材质 Material | 铝或合金钢轻量化设计 / Aluminum or alloy steel lightweight design |
| 表面处理 Finish | 阴极电泳 / 锌镍合金 / Cathodic electrodeposition / Zn-Ni alloy |
| 特殊要求 Special | 导电性、耐电解液腐蚀 / Electrical conductivity, electrolyte corrosion resistance |
4）内饰塑料件自攻螺钉 / Self-Tapping Screw for Interior Plastics
| 项目 Item | 参数/说明 Specification |
|---|---|
| 螺纹类型 Thread Type | 自攻螺纹（C型，PT型） / Self-tapping thread (C, PT) |
| 规格 Size | ST3.5, ST4.2, ST4.8 |
| 表面处理 Finish | 镀锌 / 黑锌 / 环保彩锌 / Zinc, black zinc, eco-friendly yellow zinc |
| 防松设计 Anti-Loosening | 预涂胶或带介子锯齿 / Pre-coated adhesive or serrated flange |
七、典型使用场景 / 7. Typical Applications
- 动力总成：缸盖、连杆、飞轮、变速箱壳体 / Powertrain: cylinder head, connecting rod, flywheel, transmission housing
- 底盘系统：副车架、控制臂、转向节、制动卡钳 / Chassis: subframe, control arm, knuckle, brake caliper
- 车身系统：白车身焊接、门铰链、座椅固定、天窗导轨 / Body: BIW welding, door hinges, seat mounting, sunroof rail
- 内外饰：仪表板、门板、保险杠、车灯、装饰条 / Interior & exterior: instrument panel, door trim, bumper, lamp, molding
- 新能源三电：电池包结构、电机壳体、高压接线盒 / NEV three-electric: battery pack structure, motor housing, HV junction box
八、质量控制 / 8. Quality Control
产品从原材料入厂、冷镦、螺纹成型、热处理、表面处理、筛选到包装，全过程执行IATF 16949质量管理体系。关键检测包括：尺寸/螺纹通止规、机械性能（抗拉/屈服/硬度）、金相组织、脱碳层、氢脆测试、盐雾试验、扭矩-轴力测试、摩擦系数测试、防松性能测试等。可提供材质报告、热处理报告、性能试验报告及PPAP文件包（PSW、FMEA、CPK等）。
The products follow IATF 16949 quality management system throughout the process from raw material incoming, cold heading, thread rolling, heat treatment, surface finishing, sorting to packaging. Key inspections include: dimension/thread go/no-go gauges, mechanical properties (tensile/yield/hardness), metallographic structure, decarburization, hydrogen embrittlement test, salt spray test, torque-clamp force test, coefficient of friction test, and anti-loosening performance test. Material certificates, heat treatment reports, performance test reports, and PPAP packages (PSW, FMEA, CPK, etc.) are available.
九、未完全展示说明 / 9. Note on Incomplete Display
汽车紧固件品类繁多，除上述典型产品外，还包括车轮螺栓/螺母、焊接螺柱、管接头、卡箍、弹性挡圈、销、铆螺母、组合螺栓、高强度法兰面螺栓、铝铜合金紧固件、耐热钢紧固件（排气系统）以及各种客户定制非标件。根据整车NVH、轻量化、防腐蚀及装配工艺要求，可提供完整的紧固连接解决方案。如需更专业的产品选型，建议按“动力总成紧固件、底盘紧固件、车身紧固件、内外饰紧固件、新能源紧固件”等类别分别建立独立技术页面。
Automotive fasteners cover a wide variety. In addition to the typical products listed above, they include wheel bolts/nuts, weld studs, pipe fittings, clamps, retaining rings, pins, rivet nuts, combination bolts, high-strength flange bolts, aluminum-copper alloy fasteners, heat-resistant steel fasteners (exhaust systems), and various custom non-standard parts. Complete fastening solutions can be provided based on NVH, lightweight, corrosion resistance, and assembly process requirements. For more professional product selection, it is recommended to create separate technical pages for categories such as powertrain fasteners, chassis fasteners, body fasteners, interior/exterior fasteners, and new energy fasteners.
十、技术声明 / 10. Technical Statement
以上技术参数及说明为常规参考信息，具体产品规格、性能等级、表面处理、防松方式及执行标准以实际订单、产品图纸及双方确认的技术协议为准。使用前请确认扭矩要求、装配条件及环境适应性，避免超拧、松动或腐蚀失效。
The above technical parameters and descriptions are for general reference only. Specific product specifications, property classes, surface finishes, anti-loosening methods, and applicable standards shall be subject to the actual order, product drawings, and technical agreement confirmed by both parties. Please verify torque requirements, assembly conditions, and environmental suitability before use to avoid over-tightening, loosening, or corrosion failure.